Setting up primary and secondary domain controllers on Windows Servers is a critical task for ensuring a robust and reliable Active Directory (AD) environment. Here’s a simplified guide to help you through the process:

Setting Up a Primary Domain Controller

1. Install Windows Server: Begin by installing Windows Server on your chosen hardware.
2. Configure a Static IP Address: Ensure that the server has a static IP address to maintain consistent network communication.
3. Install Active Directory Domain Services (AD DS): Use Server Manager or PowerShell to install the AD DS role.
4. Promote the Server: Run the Active Directory Domain Services Configuration Wizard and select “Add a new forest” if this is the first Domain Controller in the domain.
5. Configure Domain Controller Options: Set the Forest and Domain Functional Levels and provide the necessary information like the root domain name.

Adding a Secondary Domain Controller

1. Prepare the Primary Domain Controller: Note the IP address of the primary Domain Controller as it will be needed for DNS settings on the secondary server.
2. Install Windows Server on the Secondary Server: Ensure it also has a static IP address.
3. Change the Computer Name: Rename the secondary server appropriately, for example, DC02 for the second Domain Controller.
4. Update DNS Server Address: Point the DNS Server Address of the secondary server to the primary AD Windows Server.
5. Install AD DS Role: Just like with the primary, install the Active Directory Domain Services role.
6. Promote the Server: Use the AD DS Configuration Wizard to promote the server to a Domain Controller and join it to the existing domain.

Remember, this is a high-level guide, and the actual steps may vary based on the specific version of Windows Server you are using and your network configuration. It’s also recommended to review Microsoft’s official documentation for the most accurate and up-to-date information.